Protease

Protease enzyme constitutes 60% of global industrial market, because it can be widely used in agriculture, leather, detergents, food and pharmaceutical industries. Bacillus subtilis synthesizes increased amounts of extracellular and membrane-bound proteases.

INTRODUCTION :

Proteolytic enzymes are ubiquitous in occurrence, being found in all living organisms, and are essential for cell growth and differentiation. The extracellular proteases are commercial value and find multiple applications in various industrial sectors. Although there are many microbial sources available for producing proteases, only a few are recognized as commercial producers Bacillus subtilis produces and secretes proteases, esterases, and other kinds of exoenzymes at the end of the exponential phase of growth. In addition to that, several workers investigated the production of protease and alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis .Proteolytic enzymes from microorganisms may be located within the cell (intracellular), cell wall associated (periplasmic), or excreted into the media (extracelluar) .Extracellular enzymes are usually capable of digesting insoluble nutrient materials such as cellulose, protein and starch, and the digested products are transported into the cell where they are used as nutrients for growth .

COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE:

Proteases are used in the food, dairy, pharmaceutical, and textile industries and are produced in large amounts by microbial synthesis.The major uses of free proteases occur in dry cleaning, detergents, meat processing, cheese making, silver recovery from photographic film, production of digestive and certain medical treatments of inflammation and virulent wounds .

This also used in screening of different agroindustrial byproducts for enhanced production of alkaline protease by a wild and EMS induced mutant strain of Bacillus subtilis .The production of the enzyme was also studied in solid state fermentation.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3833321/

Food : Improved digestibility, solubility flavor, palatability and viscoelsatic properties; enhanced oil recovery from seafood, meat tenderization, reduced allergenicity.

Detergent :Improved washing

Peptide synthesis : Enantioselective peptide synthesis

Textile: Degumming, texture development

Leather: Leather processing: Dehairing, bating, tanning

Bioremediation: Waste treatment

Pharmaceuticals :Anticancer, anti-inflammatory, clot-buster agents

Others: Silver recovery, silk degumming .https://www.jpcbs.info/2016_4_3_06_Rajendra.pdf

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7fe9/a97454c48249a40dd9b24a7e2b5d05018b66.pdf -PRODUCTION AND PARTIAL PURIFICATION OF PROTEASE ENZYME FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7fe9/a97454c48249a40dd9b24a7e2b5d05018b66.pdf -MATERIALS AND METHODS OF PROTEASE TAKEN FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS